PROSPECTS FOR STUDYING CYTOKINE STATUS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS IN THE POSTCOVIDAL AND POSVACCINAL PERIOD
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31082/1728-452X-2021-224-2-16-24Keywords:
COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, diabetes mellitus, vaccination, cytokines, cytokine storm, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, inhibitors SGLT2, DPP-4, ACE2Abstract
The coronavirus infection (COVID-19) pandemic caused by coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes significant morbidity and mortality. Individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) are more likely to become infected and have a higher risk of complications and death from COVID-19. Therefore, a much more focused approach to the management of patients with diabetes is needed by regularly assessing systemic inflammation and cardiovascular risk in this population, and one such approach could be the use of circulating biomarkers to track disease progression, as well as the effectiveness of treatment and immunoprophylaxis. We hope to identify knowledge gaps that warrant further research regarding COVID-19 in patients with diabetes.
Purpose of the study. The aim of the present study is to study the cytokine status in patients with diabetes mellitus in the postcovid and post-vaccination periods.
Material and methods. A critical review of 100 scientific papers over the past 10 years was carried out using the resources of the search engines PubMed, Google Scholar and eLIBRARY, of which 54 studies were selected using the following keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, diabetes mellitus, vaccination, cytokines, cytokine storm, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, inhibitors SGLT2, DPP-4, ACE2. The inclusion criteria were: full-text articles and research papers with a high index of evidence base. Studies were excluded in the presence of literature sources with no evidence and low quality work.
Results and discussion. The review is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the cytokine status of coronavirus infection in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and the mechanisms of the relationship between coronavirus infection and newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus are discussed. In addition, the review focuses on the pharmacotherapy of diabetes mellitus in coronavirus infection, postcovid management and the impact of vaccination against coronavirus infection in patients with diabetes mellitus. The article substantiates the obvious benefit of determining the cytokine status in patients with diabetes mellitus with coronavirus infection. Since the course of COVID-19 and the manifestations of postcovid syndrome depend on the level of cytokines.
Our literary search on this issue, analytical, critical reviews of the scientific literature also showed that patients with diabetes are more prone to contracting certain types of infections, and the mortality rate for people with diabetes is about three times higher than the overall mortality from COVID-19 without diabetes. In addition, there is completely limited data on the immune response after Covid-19 vaccination in patients with diabetes.
Conclusions. The current situation in a pandemic requires an urgent study of the cytokine status in patients with diabetes mellitus in order to determine the management tactics in the postcovid and post-vaccination periods.
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