LEVEL OF EMOTIONAL BURNOUT AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN KAZAKHSTAN: A COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE (literature review)
Keywords:
эмоционалды шаршау, медициналық қызметкерлер, кәсіби күйзеліс, Қазақстан, қауіп факторлары, салыстырмалы талдау.Abstract
Introduction. Emotional burnout is one of the key occupational risks for medical professionals due to high work intensity, staff shortages, and chronic stress. In the context of a globally increasing burden on health systems, this problem is becoming particularly relevant for countries with limited resources, including Kazakhstan.
The purpose of the study. To conduct a comparative analysis of the prevalence and specifics of the manifestation of burnout syndrome among medical workers in Kazakhstan against the background of international data (Russia, Belarus, USA), as well as to identify universal and specific risk factors.
Material and methods. Publications from scientific databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar) over the past 10 years were analyzed. The review included 30 sources meeting the criteria of relevance, empirical validity, and diagnostic comparability. Methods of content analysis, comparative-analytical, and historical-genetic approaches were applied.
Results and discussion. The prevalence of burnout syndrome among medical workers in Kazakhstan ranges from 28% to 62%, comparable to rates in Russia (54-60%), Belarus (57-65%), and the United States (53-63%). In Kazakhstan, the key risk factors are young age, regional differences, and low professional stability; in Russia, the specifics of professional activity and extreme working conditions; in Belarus, the profile of the medical service; and in the US, institutional support measures and the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. High professional workload, night shifts, staff shortages, and emotional responsibility are common to all countries.
Conclusions. Burnout syndrome is universal, multifactorial, and crosscultural. For effective prevention, it is necessary to develop comprehensive strategies that account for the individual, organizational, and national characteristics of the healthcare system.
The article presents a comparative analysis of burnout prevalence among healthcare workers in Kazakhstan, alongside data from Russia, Belarus, and the US. The results confirm the systemic nature of burnout and the need to develop comprehensive prevention programs that account for the individual, organizational, and national characteristics of the healthcare system.
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