STATISTICAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR THE PERIOD MAY-OCTOBER 2023 ACCORDING TO THE DATA OF THE POLYCLINIC NO. 10 IN ALMATY

Abstract

Relevance. To date, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is one of the most common diseases of the country’s population. COPD is characterized not only by a severe clinical picture, but also by a number of complications and can lead to respiratory depression.
The purpose. To analyze the frequency of COPD in different age categories on the basis of No. 10 polyclinic in Almaty.
Material and methods. A retrospective study was conducted for the period from May to October 2023. Inclusion criteria: patients aged 6 to 85 years old, registered from May to October 2023, diagnosed with COPD. Exclusion criteria: patients under 6 years of age and over 85 years of age who are not registered for COPD. The total number of patients is 32. Age categories, gender indicators, concomitant diseases and the category of COPD among patients were considered.
Results. According to the results of grouping the materials of a retrospective study, it turned out that the largest number of patients were diagnosed in June, a significant part of the patients belongs to the “Elderly” age category, 66% of all patients were women and 67% of patients had category “C”, which corresponds to a severe stage. The most common concomitant diseases were arterial hypertension, angina pectoris and bronchial asthma.
Discussions. According to the results of the analysis, it was found that COPD is more often diagnosed in old age and at a severe stage. This situation with late diagnosis requires a solution, since late detection of the disease leads to several negative consequences, such as: deterioration of the quality of life of patients, complication of treatment of the disease, financing of patients with severe COPD causes great damage to the country's economy.
Conclusion. After conducting a retrospective study, we came to the conclusion that COPD was mainly diagnosed in patients older than 70 years, and most of the patients had category “C”, which shows a late diagnosis of the disease. The solution to this problem with late diagnosis of COPD among patients is the introduction of screening programs among the population and the use of a fractional test for exhaled nitric oxide as a method for early diagnosis of the disease.